Evoluation of Nonformal Education: Ancient Time Period

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রিদওয়ানুল মসরুর ও জিএম রাকিবুল ইসলাম

weeZ©‡bi avivq wVK K‡e AvR‡Ki Avgv‡`i gZ AvaywbK gvbyl m„wó n‡q‡Q Zv †hgb wbw`©ó K‡i ejv hvq bv, †Zgwb ejv hvqbv wVK K‡e †_‡K gvby‡li wkÿv PP©vi m~ÎcvZ|  wkÿv b„ZË¡ wb‡q hviv KvR K‡i‡Qb Zviv gZ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb †h, mf¨Zvi ïiæ †_‡KB gvby‡li †kLvi m~ÎcvZ| 1997 mv‡ji 4 wW‡m¤^i weªm‡e‡b ÒA‡óªwjqvb G‡mvwm‡qkb di wimvm© Bb GWz‡KkbÓ- Gi D‡`¨v‡M Av‡qvwRZ evrmwiK m‡¤§j‡b G wel‡q GKwU cÖeÜ Dc¯’vcb Kiv nq| D³ cÖe‡Üi Dc¯’vcK Aurther, Paul and Hughes gZ cÖKvk K‡ib †h, "In pre-literate societies, education was achieved orally and through observation and imitation."

cÖvK mvÿi mgv‡R Ávb wQj `ÿZvg~jK| Z_¨g~jK Áv‡bi PP©v wQj LyeB Kg| †mmgq Z_¨g~jK Ávb ej‡Z iæcK_v ev exiZ¡Muv_v wKsev †kvKMuv_v BZ¨vw`i ‡`Lv cvIqv hvq| Gme †kvKMuv_v, exiZ¡Muv_v I iæcK_v H mg‡qi gvby‡li †gŠwjK wek¦v‡mi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© wQj Ges Gme MíMuv_v my‡i my‡i Qwo‡q coZ mevi gv‡S| Ges Zv †kLv‡bv nZ †gŠwLK fv‡e (Aurther, Paul and Hughes, 1997)| wkïeqm †_‡KB GB †gŠwLK  wkÿvi hvÎv ïiæ nZ| wkïiv wkLZ evev-gv, K¬vb-Gi `jcwZ, ev Zv‡`i `v`v-`v`xi Kv‡Q| Gm¤ú‡K© McGill Journal of Education-G D‡jøL Av‡Q †h- "The young learned informally from their parents, extended family and grandparents." (Michel and Augustus, 2002).

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